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Archaic Mediterranean

800 BCE - 500 BCE. Greek epic, early Rome, biblical traditions, and the reshaping of Mediterranean memory.

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Ancient Mesopotamia / 689 BCE

In 689 BC, Sennacherib destroyed Babylon through siege, fire, plunder, and flooding before Esarhaddon later rebuilt the sacred city.

Neo-Assyrian Empire Inside this period

Ancient Near East / 600 BCE

Lilith, Adam, Eve, Genesis, and later Jewish traditions: a journey through double creation, rebellion, patriarchy, and myth.

Biblical Traditions Inside this period

Greek World / 700 BCE

Penelope, queen of Ithaca, defies the suitors with her shroud and recognizes Odysseus by the olive-bed: a Homeric timeline and analysis.

Archaic Greece Inside this period

Greek World / 600 BCE

Sappho of Mytilene, the lyric poetess of Lesbos, gave ancient Greek poetry a voice of desire, memory, women, music, and immortality.

Archaic Greece Inside this period

Ancient Near East / 560 BCE

From Mesopotamian silver ingots to Lydian coinage, the story of money leads to Croesus, Sardis, Delphi, and the fragile pride of wealth.

Lydian Kingdom Inside this period

Roman World / 753 BCE

Rome, between Arcadia, Troy, and Hercules: the Greek founding myths that shaped the identity and memory of the Eternal City.

Archaic Rome Inside this period

Ancient Near East / 522 BCE

In 522 BCE, Darius overthrew Gaumata, crushed rebellion, and carved Behistun to turn a contested coup into Achaemenid imperial truth.

Achaemenid Empire Inside this period

Roman World / 509 BCE

Lucretia's tragedy became the political spark that Roman tradition placed at the birth of the Republic and the fall of the Tarquins.

Roman Kingdom Inside this period

Greek World / 800 BCE

Lycurgus, half history and half legend, gave Sparta its discipline, austerity, mixed constitution, agoge, and terrifying civic ideal.

Archaic Greece Inside this period